The following want-ad from the Sacramento Daily Union, 2 November 1857 is an early example of jobs being displaced by machines.
TO MINERS.— A PORTABLE LOCO-
MOTIVE ENGINE AND BOILER FOR SALE.—
This machine was constructed for working shafts, is
mounted on wagon wheels, and has a hoisting arrange-
ment for dirt and water; can easily be moved from shaft
to shaft, and does the work of 12 to 14 hands. It is of 10
horse power, and economical in fuel. Apply to
BOOTH & CO., 200 and 202 J street.